GASTRIC CANCER STAGING
Monday, July 18, 2011
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Tumor.
TX: The primary tumor cannot be evaluated.
T0 (T plus zero): There is no evidence of a primary tumor in the stomach.
Tis: This stage describes a condition called carcinoma (cancer) in situ. The cancer is found only in cells on the surface of the epithelium (the inner lining of the stomach) and has not spread to any other layers of the stomach.
T1: The tumor has invaded the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or the submucosa (the inner layers of the wall of the stomach).
T1a: The tumor has invaded the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae.
T1b: The tumor has invaded the submucosa.
T2: The tumor has invaded the muscularis propria (the muscle layer of the stomach).
T3: The tumor has grown through all of the layers of the muscle into the connective tissue outside the stomach, but it has not penetrated the peritoneal lining or serosa.
T4: The tumor has grown through all of the layers of the muscle into the connective tissue outside the stomach and has penetrated the peritoneal lining or serosa or the organs surrounding the stomach.
T4a: The tumor has invaded the serosa.
T4b: The tumor has invaded organs surrounding the stomach.
Node.
NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be evaluated.
N0 (N plus zero): The cancer has not spread into the regional lymph nodes.
N1: The cancer has spread to one to two regional lymph nodes.
N2: The cancer has spread to three to six regional lymph nodes.
N3: The cancer has spread to seven or more regional lymph nodes.
N3a: The cancer has spread to seven to 15 regional lymph nodes.
N3b: The cancer has spread to more than 16 regional lymph nodes.
MX: Distant metastasis cannot be evaluated.
M0 (M plus zero): The cancer has not metastasized.
M1: The cancer has spread to another part or parts of the body.
Cancer stage grouping
Stage 0: This is also called carcinoma in situ.
Stage IA: T1N0M0
Stage IB: T1N1M0, T2N0M0
Stage IIA: T1N2M0, T2N1M0, T3N0M0
Stage IIB: T1N3M0, T2N2M0, T3N1M0, T4aN0M0
Stage IIIA: T2N3M0, T3N2M0, T4a, N1, M0
Stage IIIB: T3N3M0, T4a,N2M0, T4bN0N1M0).
Stage IV: any T, any N, M1
TX: The primary tumor cannot be evaluated.
T0 (T plus zero): There is no evidence of a primary tumor in the stomach.
Tis: This stage describes a condition called carcinoma (cancer) in situ. The cancer is found only in cells on the surface of the epithelium (the inner lining of the stomach) and has not spread to any other layers of the stomach.
T1: The tumor has invaded the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or the submucosa (the inner layers of the wall of the stomach).
T1a: The tumor has invaded the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae.
T1b: The tumor has invaded the submucosa.
T2: The tumor has invaded the muscularis propria (the muscle layer of the stomach).
T3: The tumor has grown through all of the layers of the muscle into the connective tissue outside the stomach, but it has not penetrated the peritoneal lining or serosa.
T4: The tumor has grown through all of the layers of the muscle into the connective tissue outside the stomach and has penetrated the peritoneal lining or serosa or the organs surrounding the stomach.
T4a: The tumor has invaded the serosa.
T4b: The tumor has invaded organs surrounding the stomach.
Node.
NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be evaluated.
N0 (N plus zero): The cancer has not spread into the regional lymph nodes.
N1: The cancer has spread to one to two regional lymph nodes.
N2: The cancer has spread to three to six regional lymph nodes.
N3: The cancer has spread to seven or more regional lymph nodes.
N3a: The cancer has spread to seven to 15 regional lymph nodes.
N3b: The cancer has spread to more than 16 regional lymph nodes.
MX: Distant metastasis cannot be evaluated.
M0 (M plus zero): The cancer has not metastasized.
M1: The cancer has spread to another part or parts of the body.
Cancer stage grouping
Stage 0: This is also called carcinoma in situ.
Stage IA: T1N0M0
Stage IB: T1N1M0, T2N0M0
Stage IIA: T1N2M0, T2N1M0, T3N0M0
Stage IIB: T1N3M0, T2N2M0, T3N1M0, T4aN0M0
Stage IIIA: T2N3M0, T3N2M0, T4a, N1, M0
Stage IIIB: T3N3M0, T4a,N2M0, T4bN0N1M0).
Stage IV: any T, any N, M1
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